Today Californians face increased risks from flooding, water
shortages, unhealthy water quality, ecosystem decline and
infrastructure degradation. Many federal and state legislative
acts address ways to improve water resource management, ecosystem
restoration, as well as water rights settlements and strategies
to oversee groundwater and surface water.
A California Court of Appeal (Fifth District) (“Court”)
addressed in a March 14th Opinion whether water in an aquifer
could be personal property. … The land and attached
improvements were appraised in 2019 at $14,985,000. The
appraisal excluded any subsurface water or mineral rights. In
addition, the appraisal indicated that due to two perpetual
United States Fish and Wildlife conservation easements, that
the land was limited to its current use as an irrigated and dry
pasture ranch with some lower intensity farming uses. The
trial court had held, and this Court agreed that: Water
was not personal property owned by 4-S; and,
Rights to use of the water ran with the land
and therefore the lender acquired those rights at the
foreclosure sale.
The Trump administration is giving thousands of NOAA employees
another chance to quit their jobs before the Department of
Government Efficiency’s ax blade falls again at the nation’s
climate, weather and oceans agency. In a Commerce Department
notice to employees, which include NOAA’s roughly 10,500
remaining staff, officials said “all employees, in all
positions, at all grade/band level, in every geographic
location” could file for what’s known as “voluntary early
retirement” or a “voluntary separation incentive payment” with
a one-time payout of up to $25,000. The offer excludes
positions in immigration enforcement, national security, marine
vessel operations, patent and trademark examining, and public
safety, according to the Commerce memo, a copy of which was
reviewed by POLITICO’s E&E News.
Other federal environmental and weather agency news:
As firefighters in Los Angeles finally contained the flames
from the devastating fires in January, the Trump administration
made the curious decision to order the sudden release of
billions of gallons of fresh water from two dams about 360km
north of the city. … Now California’s environmental
policymakers are braced for four years of possible
interventions from Trump as the state faces many water
management challenges, including declining surface and
groundwater — not to mention the impact of a changing climate.
… A review of the section on water nested within the
environmental chapter (of Project 2025) reveals topics and
actions to be anticipated within Trump’s second term that could
be directly tied to stormwater. … Project 2025 refers to
the Clean Watersheds Needs Survey (CWNS) as an “underfunded”
program that should be targeted for increased fiscal
support. … Lastly, the Project 2025 document points out a
need to focus on water workforce issues, flood control
districts, and utilities is continuing drain institutional
experience and knowledge. The 2022 WEF MS4 Needs
Assessment Survey found that workforce resources is one of the
top three needs and challenges for MS4s across the country.
Legislation to prevent the unnecessary and harmful discharge of
California water from reservoirs under false pretenses was
introduced by Assemblymember Diane Papan, D-San Mateo. Assembly
Bill 1146 would prohibit the release of California’s stored
water if it is carried out under knowingly false or fraudulent
representations regarding the purpose or intended use of the
water. … In January 2025, the ordered release of more than 2
billion gallons of California water from reservoirs was widely
criticized as unnecessary and disruptive to the state’s
delicate water storage system. Experts have warned that such
politically motivated decisions could have devastating
consequences, including increased flood risks and water
shortages during critical dry periods.
The leading trade group representing California’s public water
agencies came out Monday against a bill meant to protect the
state from Trump administration rollbacks. The Association of
California Water Agencies adopted an “oppose” position to Sen.
Ben Allen’s SB 601, which would clarify state law to reclassify
all waters that were previously defined as “waters of the
state” prior to the Supreme Court’s 2023 Sackett v. EPA
decision. ACWA senior policy advocate Soren Nelson said in an
email the group has “serious concerns with SB 601, as it would
needlessly complicate the state’s regulatory framework for
protecting water quality, lead to frivolous litigation, and
almost certainly translate into higher water bills for
Californians.”
In 2024, after years of deliberation, California water
officials adopted landmark rules that will guide future water
use and conservation in the state. The “Making Conservation a
California Way of Life” framework went into effect at the
beginning of 2025 and requires compliance by 2027. The
framework is intended to help preserve water supplies as
climate change drives hotter, drier conditions and droughts
become more frequent and longer lasting, and is expected to
help save 500,000 acre-feet of water annually by 2040. That is
enough to supply more than 1.4 million households for a
year.
Trump administration workforce cuts at federal agencies
overseeing U.S. dams are threatening their ability to provide
reliable electricity, supply farmers with water and protect
communities from floods, employees and industry experts warn.
The Bureau of Reclamation provides water and hydropower to the
public in 17 western states. Nearly 400 agency workers have
been cut through the Trump reduction plan, an administration
official said. “Reductions-in-force” memos have also been
sent to current workers, and more layoffs are expected.
Other environmental and public resource agency job
cut news:
Small water and wastewater utilities would get a boost to their
cybersecurity defenses under a bipartisan Senate bill that a
pair of lawmakers re-introduced Thursday. Sens. Catherine
Cortez Masto, D-Nev., and Mike Rounds, R-S.D., are taking
another swing at the Cybersecurity for Rural Water Systems Act
after the legislation stalled out in the 118th Congress. The
bill would update and expand the Department of Agriculture’s
Circuit Rider Program, which provides technical assistance to
rural water systems. The lawmakers’ legislation calls on the
program to develop protocols to bolster water systems’ cyber
defenses and provide additional aid to improve
protections.
… The Trump administration’s plan to alter the Clean Water
Act’s definition of wetlands to exclude (seasonal streams,
ponds and pools) could render vast areas of California
essentially unprotected from developers and
growers. … (A) new bill introduced last month,
(state) Senate Bill 601, would build in more protection,
amending the state Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act to
copy existing federal protections. It would, among other
provisions, require new permitting rules for pollutants from
business operations or construction.
Other federal and Calif. environmental regulation news:
A formerly controversial bill aimed at addressing a future in
which New Mexico’s limited water supplies become even more
strained will soon have its first (New Mexico State) Senate
committee hearing following House passage last week. That
passage came with no debate, following a significant overhaul
in the face of considerable environmental opposition to the
so-called Strategic Water Supply. In a nutshell, the bill
proposes a a $40 million program for removing the salt from
less drinkable aquifers and $19 million to map how much water
is available beneath the ground.
Farmers and others reliant on water provided by the Bureau of
Reclamation are warning that staffing cuts at the agency could
threaten access to supplies — and in one case are offering to
step into the breach to help keep flows moving. Reclamation,
like other federal agencies operating under a directive from
the White House and so-called Department of Government
Efficiency, has been actively reducing its staff across the 17
states where it manages canals, reservoirs, dams and hydropower
facilities. That leaves open concerns that the agency
won’t merely be short-staffed, but lack employees who are
literally responsible for turning on pumps and releasing water
to irrigators, said Shane Leonard, who serves as secretary and
district manager for the Kennewick Irrigation District.
Other Bureau of Reclamation and water agency news:
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the
nation’s premier agency for weather and climate science, has
been told by the Trump administration to prepare to lose
another 1,000 workers, raising concerns that NOAA’s lifesaving
forecasts might be hindered as hurricane and disaster season
approaches. The new dismissals would come in addition to the
roughly 1,300 NOAA staff members who have already resigned or
been laid off in recent weeks. … Some activities, including the
launching of weather balloons, have already been suspended
because of staffing shortages. Together, the reductions would
represent nearly 20 percent of NOAA’s approximately
13,000-member work force.
Other weather and natural resource agency layoff news:
The Trump administration’s layoffs continue to careen
down a path of destruction through federal agencies — last week
touching down on a critical National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration office on the Monterey Peninsula that
is on the front lines of tracking and helping to mitigate the
effects of climate change. … The cuts didn’t just
affect Monterey-based NOAA employees. Last week’s culling,
which was an estimated 5% of the agency’s workforce,
included a scientist who specialized in tsunami alerts, a
flight director who tracked hurricanes and a researcher who
studied communities that are most likely to flood during storm
surges.
Other water and natural resource funding and job news:
Fourteen California water agencies have appealed to Interior
Secretary Doug Burgum, urging him not to proceed with planned
staff reductions at the Bureau of Reclamation. The agencies
argue that terminating 100 employees will not benefit
taxpayers. The Bureau of Reclamation, which oversees water
infrastructure projects such as Millerton Lake and the Friant
Kern Canal, is set to reduce its workforce through terminations
and buyouts. … A letter signed by representatives from
irrigation districts, water, and canal companies in California
was sent to Secretary Burgum.
The Trump administration has ordered firings and buyouts at the
federal agency that operates water infrastructure in
California, potentially jeopardizing the agency’s ability to
manage dams and deliver water, according to Central Valley
water officials. … The bureau, which employs about 1,000
people, is set to lose about 100 employees in California
through terminations and buyouts, eliminating about 10% of its
regional staff, one of the employees said. But larger workforce
reductions are slated, and the bureau has been ordered to
prepare plans to cut its staff by 40%, this person said. …
Internal documents reviewed by The Times show that the
positions being eliminated include maintenance mechanics,
engineers, fish biology specialists and others.
Other water and natural resource jobs and funding news across
the West:
Senate Democrats from the U.S. West on Monday urged the
Department of the Interior to end a funding freeze that could
endanger the flow of the Colorado River. The lawmakers, from
California, Nevada and Arizona, slammed the Trump
administration’s day-one executive order that halted
disbursements from the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act — including
$4 billion that Congress had earmarked for water management and
conservation in the West. Among the projects that were supposed
to benefit from those funds was the Lower Colorado River System
Conservation and Efficiency Program, which had aimed to raise
the elevation of Lake Mead — the basin’s largest reservoir — by
9 feet this year, the senators wrote in a letter to
Interior Secretary Doug Burgum.
Freshman Rep. Adam Gray is challenging 10 Republicans to show
up at his office. But the moderate Blue Dog from California
isn’t luring Republicans to bark at them. It’s so he can
convince them that there’s power to be had in a House with a
razor-thin margin and to work together on subjects like water
issues crucial to his Central Valley district. “Imagine if 10
Republicans and 10 Democrats could get together in a Congress
where there’s a margin of three or four votes and say, ‘You
know what? We’re gonna sit down, and we’re gonna craft
bipartisan solutions to some of these big topics,’” Gray said.
Hundreds of weather forecasters and other federal National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration employees on
probationary status were fired Thursday, lawmakers and weather
experts said. Federal workers who were not let go said the
afternoon layoffs included meteorologists who do crucial local
forecasts in National Weather Service offices across the
country. Cuts at NOAA appeared to be happening in two rounds,
one of 500 and one of 800, said Craig McLean, a former NOAA
chief scientist who said he got the information from someone
with first-hand knowledge. That’s about 10% of NOAA’s
workforce.
Other weather and natural resource agency layoff and
resignation news:
Forest Service Chief Randy Moore will retire effective March 3,
according to an email sent to agency staff Wednesday and viewed
by POLITICO. … Moore, who has led the agency that
manages 193 million acres of national forests and grasslands
since 2021 and became the first African American to serve as
chief, is capping off a 45-year career with the Forest Service.
… Lawmakers and officials from Western states have warned that
President Donald Trump’s cuts to agencies like the Forest
Service and funding freezes will threaten critical prevention
and mitigation work, leaving the region woefully unprepared for
the coming wildfire season.
Other natural resource agency resignation and layoff news:
… The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
employs about 12,000 staffers around the world, more than
half of which are scientists and engineers. NOAA
operates 18 satellites and 15 ships and has
a budget of $6.8 billion. Their job is to study the skies,
the seas, the fish, tracking how they’re changing and
predicting what will happen to them. NOAA’s work is essential
for aviation, fishing, climate research, and offshore oil and
gas exploration, particularly when it comes to modeling
weather.
Other natural resources, water and weather layoff news:
Citing concerns that the Trump Administration could roll back
or weaken drinking water standards for per- and polyfluoroalkyl
substances (PFAS) set by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) under the Biden Administration, California
Asseblymember Jesse Gabriel (D-46) has introduced Assembly Bill
(AB) 794, which would set state-level drinking water standards
for PFAS. In April 2024, EPA issued the first-ever national,
legally enforceable drinking water standard for PFAS, setting
legally enforceable limits for five PFAS of concern (PFOA,
PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS, and HFPO-DA). Exposure to these “forever
chemicals” has been linked to cancer, impacts to the liver and
heart, and immune and developmental damage to infants and
children.
As the Trump administration continues to freeze federal funds
for environmental projects, some in the water sector see an
ally for their funding needs in the president’s nominee to lead
EPA’s Office of Water. As a GOP aide on the Senate Environment
and Public Works Committee, Jessica Kramer helped craft the
water funding provisions included in the infrastructure law.
Enacted in 2021, the law set aside roughly $50 billion to fix
aging water pipes and treatment plants and remove toxic
pollutants. Funding from the law is now in question under
President Donald Trump. … Still, Kramer’s nomination suggests
that federal dollars for water projects could be spared from
the defunding blitz.
A California state lawmaker introduced legislation Thursday to
enshrine federal water quality rules in state law following
President Donald Trump’s inauguration and a 2023 Supreme Court
decision rolling back wetlands protections. State Sen. Ben
Allen’s (D) SB 601 would significantly boost the State Water
Resources Control Board’s authority to adopt and enforce water
rules at least as stringent as the federal rules at a time when
Trump has promised to roll back regulations. “The challenges
presented by ever-changing federal policy requires California
to step up and fill the void that is left when priorities
become misaligned,” said Allen in a press release.
Water Week is returning to Washington, D.C. the week of April 6
as drinking and clean water sector leaders from across the
country will convene for a week of policy discussion and
Congressional office visits. The anchor event of Water Week is
the National Water Policy Fly-In, being held April 8-9,
presented by the National Association of Clean Water Agencies
(NACWA), which spearheads the event, in partnership with the
American Water Works Association (AWWA), the Association of
Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA), the Water Research
Foundation (WRF), the Water Environment Federation (WEF), and
the WateReuse Association.
Jessica Kramer has been nominated by President Donald Trump to
serve as the next assistant administrator of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Office of Water. Kramer
worked in the Office of Water during the first Trump
administration and has recently been working for the Florida
Department of Environmental Protection as deputy secretary of
regulatory programs. Kramer will now await Senate confirmation
for her new post at EPA, although no date has been set for a
hearing or vote.
In November, voters passed Proposition 4, a general obligation
bond that will yield $10 billion for a variety of climate
resilience, water, and natural resource management programs—the
largest climate and water bond to date. Proposition 4 is the
first successful ballot measure in 10 years to fund such
programs. The previous large-scale water and climate measure on
the ballot, Proposition 3 ($8.9 billion), failed by 0.7% in
2018. The last successful measure that funded such projects was
Proposition 1 of 2014 ($7.1 billion), which has only $33
million in remaining balance.
Cities across California and the Southwest are significantly
increasing and diversifying their use of recycled wastewater as
traditional water supplies grow tighter.
The 5th edition of our Layperson’s Guide to Water Recycling
covers the latest trends and statistics on water reuse as a
strategic defense against prolonged drought and climate change.
Seeking to prevent the California State Water Resources Control
Board from stepping in to regulate groundwater in critically
overdrafted subbasins, local agencies are working to correct
deficiencies in their plans to protect groundwater. With
groundwater sustainability agencies formed and groundwater
sustainability plans evaluated, the state water board has moved
to implement the 2014 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act,
or SGMA. … Under probation, groundwater extractors in
the Tulare Lake subbasin face annual fees of $300 per well and
$20 per acre-foot pumped, plus a late reporting fee of 25%.
SGMA also requires well owners to file annual groundwater
extraction reports.
California has unveiled an ambitious plan to help combat the
worsening climate crisis with one of its invaluable assets: its
land. Over the next 20 years, the state will work to transform
more than half of its 100 million acres into multi-benefit
landscapes that can absorb more carbon than they release,
officials announced Monday. … The plan also calls for
11.9 million acres of forestland to be managed for biodiversity
protection, carbon storage and water supply protection by 2045,
and 2.7 million acres of shrublands and chaparral to be managed
for carbon storage, resilience and habitat connectivity, among
other efforts.
Today, Congresswoman Norma Torres and Congressman David Valadao
– members of the House Appropriations Committee – announced the
introduction of the bipartisan Removing Nitrate and Arsenic in
Drinking Water Act. This bill would amend the Safe Drinking
Water Act to provide grants for nitrate and arsenic reduction,
by providing $15 million for FY25 and every fiscal year
thereafter. The bill also directs the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) to take into consideration the needs of
economically disadvantaged populations impacted by drinking
water contamination. The California State Water Resources
Control Board found the Inland Empire to have the highest
levels of contamination of nitrate throughout the state
including 82 sources in San Bernardino, 67 sources in Riverside
County, and 123 sources in Los Angeles County.
A much-anticipated water bill brought by one of the most
powerful lawmakers on Capitol Hill became public Thursday.
Senate President Stuart Adams’s SB 211, titled “Generational
Water Infrastructure Amendments,” seeks to secure a water
supply for decades to come. It forms a new council comprised of
leadership from the state’s biggest water districts that will
figure out Utah’s water needs for the next 50 to 75 years. It
also creates a new governor-appointed “Utah Water Agent” with a
$1 million annual budget that will “coordinate with the council
to ensure Utah’s generational water needs are met,” according
to a news release. But combing through the text of the bill
reveals the water agent’s main job will be finding an
out-of-state water supply. … The bill also notes the
water agent won’t meddle with existing water compacts with
other states on the Bear and Colorado rivers.
Last week, Assemblywoman Esmeralda Soria introduced AB 2060 to
help divert local floodwater into regional groundwater
basins. AB 2060 seeks to streamline the permitting process
to the California Department of Fish and Wildlife in support of
Flood-MAR activities when a stream or river has reached
flood-monitor or flood stage as determined by the California
Nevada River Forecast Center or the State Water Resources
Control Board (SWRCB). This expedited approval process would be
temporary during storm events with qualifying flows under the
SWRCB permit.
… In California, just figuring out who holds a water right
requires a trip to a downtown Sacramento storage room crammed
with millions of paper and microfilmed records dating to the
mid-1800s. Even the state’s water rights enforcers struggle to
determine who is using what. … Come next year, however,
the board expects to have all records electronically accessible
to the public. Officials recently started scanning records tied
to an estimated 45,000 water rights into an online database.
They’re also designing a system that will give real-time data
on how much water is being diverted from rivers and streams
across the state. … Proponents say the information
technology upgrade will help the state and water users better
manage droughts, establish robust water trading markets and
ensure water for fish and the environment.
… Without more investment and regulatory relief,
Californians face a future of chronic water scarcity. Our
system of water storage and distribution is in trouble. We have
depleted aquifers, nearly empty reservoirs on the Colorado
River, and a precarious network of century-old levees that are
one big earthquake away from catastrophic failure. Then there’s
always the next severe drought. Even if the governor
aggressively pushes for more investment in water supply
infrastructure and more regulatory relief so projects can go
forward, the state is again staring down a budget deficit.
Bonds to fund water infrastructure projects are going to have a
hard time getting approval from voters already overburdened
with among the highest taxes in America. - Written by Edward Ring, senior fellow with the
California Policy Center.
Below-average precipitation and snowpack during 2020-22 and
depleted surface and groundwater supplies pushed California
into a drought emergency that brought curtailment orders and
calls for modernizing water rights. At the Water Education
Foundation annual water summit last week in Sacramento,
Eric Oppenheimer, chief deputy director of the California State
Water Resources Control Board, discussed what he described as
the state’s “antiquated” water rights system. He spoke before
some 150 water managers, government officials, farmers,
environmentalists and others as part of the event where
interests come together to collaborate on some of the state’s
most challenging water issues.
This tour traveled along the San Joaquin River to learn firsthand
about one of the nation’s largest and most expensive river
restoration projects.
The San Joaquin River was the focus of one of the most
contentious legal battles in California water history,
ending in a 2006 settlement between the federal government,
Friant Water Users Authority and a coalition of environmental
groups.
Hampton Inn & Suites Fresno
327 E Fir Ave
Fresno, CA 93720
Martha Guzman recalls those awful
days working on water and other issues as a deputy legislative
secretary for then-Gov. Jerry Brown. California was mired in a
recession and the state’s finances were deep in the red. Parks
were cut, schools were cut, programs were cut to try to balance a
troubled state budget in what she remembers as “that terrible
time.”
She now finds herself in a strikingly different position: As
administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s
Region 9, she has a mandate to address water challenges across
California, Nevada, Arizona and Hawaii and $1 billion to help pay
for it. It is the kind of funding, she said, that is usually
spread out over a decade. Guzman called it the “absolutely
greatest opportunity.”
Groundwater provides about 40
percent of the water in California for urban, rural and
agricultural needs in typical years, and as much as 60 percent in
dry years when surface water supplies are low. But in many areas
of the state, groundwater is being extracted faster than it can
be replenished through natural or artificial means.
The bill is coming due, literally,
to protect and restore groundwater in California.
Local agencies in the most depleted groundwater basins in
California spent months putting together plans to show how they
will achieve balance in about 20 years.
California is chock full of rivers and creeks, yet the state’s network of stream gauges has significant gaps that limit real-time tracking of how much water is flowing downstream, information that is vital for flood protection, forecasting water supplies and knowing what the future might bring.
That network of stream gauges got a big boost Sept. 30 with the signing of SB 19. Authored by Sen. Bill Dodd (D-Napa), the law requires the state to develop a stream gauge deployment plan, focusing on reactivating existing gauges that have been offline for lack of funding and other reasons. Nearly half of California’s stream gauges are dormant.
Bruce Babbitt, the former Arizona
governor and secretary of the Interior, has been a thoughtful,
provocative and sometimes forceful voice in some of the most
high-profile water conflicts over the last 40 years, including
groundwater management in Arizona and the reduction of
California’s take of the Colorado River. In 2016, former
California Gov. Jerry Brown named Babbitt as a special adviser to
work on matters relating to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and
the Delta tunnels plan.
Groundwater helped make Kern County
the king of California agricultural production, with a $7 billion
annual array of crops that help feed the nation. That success has
come at a price, however. Decades of unchecked groundwater
pumping in the county and elsewhere across the state have left
some aquifers severely depleted. Now, the county’s water managers
have less than a year left to devise a plan that manages and
protects groundwater for the long term, yet ensures that Kern
County’s economy can continue to thrive, even with less water.
Low-income Californians can get help with their phone bills, their natural gas bills and their electric bills. But there’s only limited help available when it comes to water bills.
That could change if the recommendations of a new report are implemented into law. Drafted by the State Water Resources Control Board, the report outlines the possible components of a program to assist low-income households facing rising water bills.
There’s going to be a new governor
in California next year – and a host of challenges both old and
new involving the state’s most vital natural resource, water.
So what should be the next governor’s water priorities?
That was one of the questions put to more than 150 participants
during a wrap-up session at the end of the Water Education
Foundation’s Sept. 20 Water Summit in Sacramento.
Spurred by drought and a major
policy shift, groundwater management has assumed an unprecedented
mantle of importance in California. Local agencies in the
hardest-hit areas of groundwater depletion are drawing plans to
halt overdraft and bring stressed aquifers to the road of
recovery.
Along the way, an army of experts has been enlisted to help
characterize the extent of the problem and how the Sustainable
Groundwater Management Act of 2014 is implemented in a manner
that reflects its original intent.
California voters may experience a sense of déjà vu this year when they are asked twice in the same year to consider water bonds — one in June, the other headed to the November ballot.
Both tackle a variety of water issues, from helping disadvantaged communities get clean drinking water to making flood management improvements. But they avoid more controversial proposals, such as new surface storage, and they propose to do some very different things to appeal to different constituencies.
Participants of this tour snaked along the San Joaquin River to
learn firsthand about one of the nation’s largest and most
expensive river restoration projects.
The San Joaquin River was the focus of one of the most
contentious legal battles in California water history,
ending in a 2006 settlement between the federal government,
Friant Water Users Authority and a coalition of environmental
groups.
A new era of groundwater management
began in 2014 with the passage of the Sustainable Groundwater
Management Act (SGMA), which aims for local and regional agencies
to develop and implement sustainable groundwater management
plans with the state as the backstop.
SGMA defines “sustainable groundwater management” as the
“management and use of groundwater in a manner that can be
maintained during the planning and implementation horizon without
causing undesirable results.”
This handbook provides crucial
background information on the Sustainable Groundwater Management
Act, signed into law in 2014 by Gov. Jerry Brown. The handbook
also includes a section on options for new governance.
Water conservation has become a way of life throughout the West
with a growing recognition that water supply is not unlimited.
Drought is the most common motivator of increased water
conservation. However, the gradual drying of the West due to
climate change means the amount of fresh water available for
drinking, irrigation, industry and other uses must be used as
efficiently as possible.
As part of the historic Colorado
River Delta, the Salton Sea regularly filled and dried for
thousands of years due to its elevation of 237 feet below
sea level.
The most recent version of the Salton Sea was formed in 1905 when
the Colorado River broke
through a series of dikes and flooded the seabed for two years,
creating California’s largest inland body of water. The
Salton Sea, which is saltier than the Pacific Ocean, includes 130
miles of shoreline and is larger than Lake Tahoe.
The federal Safe Drinking Water Act sets standards for drinking
water quality in the United States.
Launched in 1974 and administered by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, the Safe Drinking Water Act oversees states,
communities, and water suppliers who implement the drinking water
standards at the local level.
The act’s regulations apply to every public water system in the
United States but do not include private wells serving less than
25 people.
According to the EPA, there are more than 160,000 public water
systems in the United States.
The California Environmental Quality
Act, commonly known as CEQA, is foundational to the state’s
environmental protection efforts. The law requires proposed
developments with the potential for “significant” impacts on the
physical environment to undergo an environmental review.
Since its passage in 1970, CEQA (based on the National
Environmental Policy Act) has served as a model for
similar legislation in other states.
This printed issue of Western Water looks at some of
the pieces of the 2009 water legislation, including the Delta
Stewardship Council, the new requirements for groundwater
monitoring and the proposed water bond.
This printed issue of Western Water looks at California
groundwater and whether its sustainability can be assured by
local, regional and state management. For more background
information on groundwater please refer to the Foundation’s
Layperson’s Guide to Groundwater.
This printed issue of Western Water looks at hydraulic
fracturing, or “fracking,” in California. Much of the information
in the article was presented at a conference hosted by the
Groundwater Resources Association of California.
This issue of Western Water looks at the political
landscape in Washington, D.C., and Sacramento as it relates to
water issues in 2007. Several issues are under consideration,
including the means to deal with impending climate change, the
fate of the San Joaquin River, the prospects for new surface
storage in California and the Delta.
This printed issue of Western Water examines water
infrastructure – its costs and the quest to augment traditional
brick-and-mortar facilities with sleeker, “green” features.
This printed issue of Western Water examines the
financing of water infrastructure, both at the local level and
from the statewide perspective, and some of the factors that
influence how people receive their water, the price they pay for
it and how much they might have to pay in the future.
This printed issue of Western Water looks at the energy
requirements associated with water use and the means by which
state and local agencies are working to increase their knowledge
and improve the management of both resources.
This printed issue of Western Water discusses low
impact development and stormwater capture – two areas of emerging
interest that are viewed as important components of California’s
future water supply and management scenario.
This printed issue of Western Water examines the
Colorado River Basin Water Supply and Demand Study and what its
finding might mean for the future of the lifeblood of the
Southwest.
20-minute version of the 2012 documentary The Klamath Basin: A
Restoration for the Ages. This DVD is ideal for showing at
community forums and speaking engagements to help the public
understand the complex issues related to complex water management
disputes in the Klamath River Basin. Narrated by actress Frances
Fisher.
For over a century, the Klamath River Basin along the Oregon and
California border has faced complex water management disputes. As
relayed in this 2012, 60-minute public television documentary
narrated by actress Frances Fisher, the water interests range
from the Tribes near the river, to energy producer PacifiCorp,
farmers, municipalities, commercial fishermen, environmentalists
– all bearing legitimate arguments for how to manage the water.
After years of fighting, a groundbreaking compromise may soon
settle the battles with two epic agreements that hold the promise
of peace and fish for the watershed. View an excerpt from the
documentary here.
30-minute DVD that traces the history of the U.S. Bureau of
Reclamation and its role in the development of the West. Includes
extensive historic footage of farming and the construction of
dams and other water projects, and discusses historic and modern
day issues.
This beautiful 24×36 inch poster, suitable for framing, features
a map of the San Joaquin River. The map text focuses on the San
Joaquin River Restoration Program, which aims to restore flows
and populations of Chinook salmon to the river below Friant Dam
to its confluence with the Merced River. The text discusses the
history of the program, its goals and ongoing challenges with
implementation.
A companion to the Truckee River Basin Map poster, this
24×36-inch poster, suitable for framing, explores the Carson
River, and its link to the Truckee River. The map includes the
Lahontan Dam and reservoir, the Carson Sink, and the farming
areas in the basin. Map text discusses the region’s hydrology and
geography, the Newlands Project, land and water use within the
basin and wetlands. Development of the map was funded by a grant
from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Mid-Pacific Region, Lahontan
Basin Area Office.
The 28-page Layperson’s Guide to Water Rights Law, recognized as
the most thorough explanation of California water rights law
available to non-lawyers, traces the authority for water flowing
in a stream or reservoir, from a faucet or into an irrigation
ditch through the complex web of California water rights.
The 20-page Layperson’s Guide to Water Marketing provides
background information on water rights, types of transfers and
critical policy issues surrounding this topic. First published in
1996, the 2005 version offers expanded information on
groundwater banking and conjunctive use, Colorado River
transfers and the role of private companies in California’s
developing water market.
Order in bulk (25 or more copies of the same guide) for a reduced
fee. Contact the Foundation, 916-444-6240, for details.
The 24-page Layperson’s Guide to the State Water Project provides
an overview of the California-funded and constructed State Water
Project.
The State Water Project is best known for the 444-mile-long
aqueduct that provides water from the Delta to San Joaquin Valley
agriculture and southern California cities. The guide contains
information about the project’s history and facilities.
The Water Education Foundation’s second edition of
the Layperson’s Guide to The Klamath River Basin is
hot off the press and available for purchase.
Updated and redesigned, the easy-to-read overview covers the
history of the region’s tribal, agricultural and environmental
relationships with one of the West’s largest rivers — and a
vast watershed that hosts one of the nation’s oldest and
largest reclamation projects.
The 24-page Layperson’s Guide to Integrated Regional Water
Management (IRWM) is an in-depth, easy-to-understand publication
that provides background information on the principles of IRWM,
its funding history and how it differs from the traditional water
management approach.
The 28-page Layperson’s Guide to Groundwater is an in-depth,
easy-to-understand publication that provides background and
perspective on groundwater. The guide explains what groundwater
is – not an underground network of rivers and lakes! – and the
history of its use in California.
The 24-page Layperson’s Guide to Flood Management explains the
physical flood control system, including levees; discusses
previous flood events (including the 1997 flooding); explores
issues of floodplain management and development; provides an
overview of flood forecasting; and outlines ongoing flood control
projects.
The 24-page Layperson’s Guide to the Central Valley Project
explores the history and development of the federal Central
Valley Project (CVP), California’s largest surface water delivery
system. In addition to the project’s history, the guide describes
the various CVP facilities, CVP operations, the benefits the CVP
brought to the state and the CVP Improvement Act (CVPIA).
The 24-page Layperson’s Guide to the Delta explores the competing
uses and demands on California’s Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.
Included in the guide are sections on the history of the Delta,
its role in the state’s water system, and its many complex issues
with sections on water quality, levees, salinity and agricultural
drainage, fish and wildlife, and water distribution.
For more than 30 years, the Sacramento-San Joaquin
Delta has been embroiled in continuing controversy over the
struggle to restore the faltering ecosystem while maintaining its
role as the hub of the state’s water supply.
Lawsuits and counter lawsuits have been filed, while
environmentalists and water users continue to clash over
the amount of water that can be safely exported from the region.
Passed in 1970, the federal National Environmental Policy Act
requires lead public agencies to prepare and submit for public
review environmental impact reports and statements on major
federal projects under their purview with potentially significant
environmental effects.
According to the Department of Energy, administrator of NEPA:
California has considered, but not implemented, a comprehensive
groundwater strategy many
times over the last century.
One hundred years ago, the California Conservation Commission
considered adding groundwater regulation into the Water
Commission Act of 1913. After hearings were held, it was
decided to leave groundwater rights out of the Water Code.
Federal reserved rights were created when the United States
reserved land from the public domain for uses such as Indian
reservations, military bases and national parks, forests and
monuments. [See also Pueblo Rights].
The federal government passed the Endangered Species Act in 1973,
following earlier legislation. The first, the Endangered
Species Preservation Act of 1966, authorized land acquisition to
conserve select species. The Endangered Species Conservation Act
of 1969 then expanded on the 1966 act, and authorized “the
compilation of a list of animals “threatened with worldwide
extinction” and prohibits their importation without a permit.”
California’s Legislature passed the
Wild and Scenic Rivers Act in 1972, following the passage of the
federal Wild and Scenic Rivers Act by Congress in 1968. Under
California law, “[c]ertain rivers which possess extraordinary
scenic, recreational, fishery, or wildlife values shall be
preserved in their free-flowing state, together with their
immediate environments, for the benefit and enjoyment of the
people of the state.”
The legal term “area-of-origin” dates back to 1931 in California.
At that time, concerns over water transfers prompted enactment of
four “area-of-origin” statutes. With water transfers from
Yosemite’s Hetch Hetchy Valley to supply water for San Francisco
and from Owens Valley to Los Angeles fresh in mind, the statutes
were intended to protect local areas against export of water.
In particular, counties in Northern California had concerns about
the state tapping their water to develop California’s supply.
It would be a vast understatement to say the package of water
bills approved by the California Legislature and signed by Gov.
Arnold Schwarzenegger last November was anything but a
significant achievement. During a time of fierce partisan battles
and the state’s long-standing political gridlock with virtually
all water policy, pundits at the beginning of 2009 would have
given little chance to lawmakers being able to reach compromise
on water legislation.
This year marks the 30th anniversary of one of the most
significant environmental laws in American history, the Clean
Water Act (CWA). The law that emerged from the consensus and
compromise that characterizes the legislative process has had
remarkable success, reversing years of neglect and outright abuse
of the nation’s waters.
In January, Mary Nichols joined the cabinet of the new Davis
administration. With her appointment by Gov. Gray Davis as
Secretary for Resources, Ms. Nichols, 53, took on the role of
overseeing the state of California’s activities for the
management, preservation and enhancement of its natural
resources, including land, wildlife, water and minerals. As head
of the Resources Agency, she directs the activities of 19
departments, conservancies, boards and commissions, serving as
the governor’s representative on these boards and commissions.
Two days before our annual Executive Briefing, I picked up my
phone to hear “The White House calling… .” Vice President Al
Gore had accepted the foundation’s invitation to speak at our
March 13 briefing on California water issues. That was the start
of a new experience for us. For in addition to conducting a
briefing for about 250 people, we were now dealing with Secret
Service agents, bomb sniffing dogs and government sharpshooters,
speech writers, print and TV reporters, school children and
public relations people.
